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  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "SMPTE J",
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      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
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    "abstract": "We have introduced “criticality” as a quantitative measure of the difficulty in digitally coding for the purpose of analyzing picture quality of television programs statistically. Picture quality in digital coding depends greatly on picture characteristics such as spatial details and motion. Therefore it is not easy to confirm how well a system performs from only a subjective assessment test, in which a limited number of test sequences are used. A definition of criticality is proposed, and results of criticality measurement for broadcast television programs are reported. Also proposed is a method to obtain a statistical distribution of picture quality for digital television programs. By measuring the frequency of occurrence of criticality and relating it to subjective picture quality, it becomes possible to obtain statistical quality distribution in digital television broadcasting.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK) Science and Technical Research Laboratories, Tokyo 157, Japan",
        "bio": "Ichiro Yuyama received B.E and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Tokyo, in 1970 and 1991, respectively. In 1970, he joined the Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK). He spent the year 1973 to 1974 in the CBS Laboratories at Stamford, Conn. Since 1975, Yuyama has been engaged in the research and development of HDTV and headed an EDTV project at NHK from 1985 to 1989. He is currently a director of the Three Dimensional Audio-Visual Systems Research Division of the NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories, engaged in research and development of future television systems. Yuyama is a member of SMPTE, IEEE, IEICE, ITE, ASJ, and VRSJ of Japan.",
        "name": "Ichiro Yuyama"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK) Science and Technical Research Laboratories, Tokyo 157, Japan",
        "bio": "Yukihiro Nishida joined the Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK) in 1985. Since 1988 he has been with the NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories, where he is in charge of research and development of coding and transmission for digital television systems and their performance evaluation. In 1992 he was a visiting engineer at the RAI Research Center in Turin, Italy. He serves on standardization activities in the area of studio standard and video coding. Nishida graduated from Keio University with a BSEE in 1983 and with an MSEE in 1985. He is a member of IEICE and ITE of Japan.",
        "name": "Yukihiro Nishida"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK) Science and Technical Research Laboratories, Tokyo 157, Japan",
        "bio": "Eisuke Nakasu joined Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK) in 1982. Since 1985 he has been engaged in the research of digital image processing, video coding, and quality assessment techniques for broadcasting applications at NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories. He is a senior research engineer of the Multimedia Services Research Division. Nakasu has participated in MPEG-2 standardization activities since 1991. Presently he is in charge of research activities in video coding of HDTV and digital transmission systems for broadcasting. Nakasu received his B.E. and M.E. degrees in electronic engineering from Keio University in 1980 and 1982, respectively, and is a member of IEICE, ITE, and IPS of Japan.",
        "name": "Eisuke Nakasu"
      }
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Object form (schema 2.3.0) migrated from string form via migrateAuthorsToObjectForm.js; bio/affiliation backfilled from _source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ NLM <contrib-group>+<aff>+<bio>",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-23T00:04:25.562Z",
      "version": "authors-migrate-object-form@v1"
    },
    "contentType": "orig-research",
    "contentType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Cross-filled from SMPTE canonical repository import (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json); previous value was a placeholder",
      "originalValue": "other",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-07T23:39:31.295Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
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    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "year": "1998",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "docId": "10.5594-J08388",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J08388",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 107, Issue: 6, June 1998)",
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      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from journal title, volume, issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "Objective Measurement of Compressed Digital Television Picture Quality",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "NLM <article> — SMPTE journal paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "doi": "10.5594/J08388",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J08388",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J08388",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "print": "0036-1682",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08182015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_107_6/MIJR15Vol107No6.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-16T16:11:59.617Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "journalTitle": "SMPTE Journal",
    "journalTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Era-accurate journal title from SMPTE canonical repository (periodical parent at time of publication) (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-08T00:35:38.133Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "number": "6",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "pages": "348–352",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "1998-06-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08182015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_107_6/MIJR15Vol107No6.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-06-16T16:11:59.617Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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        "10.5594-J06443",
        "orphan/10.5594-J08388/bibr1-10.5594_J08388",
        "orphan/10.5594-J08388/bibr3-10.5594_J08388",
        "orphan/10.5594-J08388/bibr4-10.5594_J08388",
        "orphan/10.5594-J08388/bibr5-10.5594_J08388"
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        "confidence": "medium",
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        "updated": "2026-07-06T18:21:02.558Z"
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    "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/periodicals/SMPTE%20Journal/107/6/11/",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — journal articles default active",
        "source": "inferred",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "volume": "107",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J08388.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T19:19:44.900Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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}