{
  "$schema": "/api/schemas/documents.schema.json",
  "apiVersion": "1.0.0",
  "generatedAt": "2026-07-09T21:16:49.031Z",
  "sourcePath": "src/main/data/docs",
  "docId": "10.5594-J04534",
  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "SMPTE J",
    "abbrevTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "abstract": "Virtual studios have been demonstrated at broadcast exhibitions since their first showing at IBC in 1994. They created an immediate impact because program producers were excited by both the technology and the potential for enhancing their own productions. Subsequent to the initial euphoria, it was soon realized that not only did these virtual studios require substantial amounts of computing power, but also needed a number of specialist staff to operate and design the virtual sets. Could a lower cost, simpler alternative be found? This paper will discuss the requirements for operating a low cost two-dimensional (2-D) virtual studio. It offers a ground-up approach on how virtual programs can be designed and produced, starting from a conventional studio or chroma-key facility. The vital components for any virtual studio will be introduced and described, as will the potential benefits of using a virtual set.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Radamec Broadcast Systems, Surrey, England KTI6 8LT.",
        "name": "David N. A. Drew"
      }
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Object form (schema 2.3.0) migrated from string form via migrateAuthorsToObjectForm.js; bio/affiliation backfilled from _source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ NLM <contrib-group>+<aff>+<bio>",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-23T00:04:25.562Z",
      "version": "authors-migrate-object-form@v1"
    },
    "contentType": "orig-research",
    "contentType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Cross-filled from SMPTE canonical repository import (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json); previous value was a placeholder",
      "originalValue": "other",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-07T23:39:31.295Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "year": "1997",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docId": "10.5594-J04534",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J04534",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 106, Issue: 9, September 1997)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from journal title, volume, issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "Practical Studio Productions Using High-Quality, Low-Cost Virtual Sets",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "NLM <article> — SMPTE journal paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "doi": "10.5594/J04534",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J04534",
    "href$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J04534",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "print": "0036-1682",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08202015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_106_9/MIJR15Vol106No9.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-16T16:11:59.617Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "journalTitle": "SMPTE Journal",
    "journalTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Era-accurate journal title from SMPTE canonical repository (periodical parent at time of publication) (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-08T00:35:38.133Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "number": "9",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "pages": "618–623",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "1997-09-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
      "city$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08202015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_106_9/MIJR15Vol106No9.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-06-16T16:11:59.617Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "references": {
      "bibliographic": [
        "orphan/10.5594-J04534/bibr1-10.5594_J04534",
        "orphan/10.5594-J04534/bibr2-10.5594_J04534",
        "orphan/10.5594-J04534/bibr3-10.5594_J04534",
        "orphan/10.5594-J04534/bibr4-10.5594_J04534",
        "orphan/10.5594-J04534/bibr5-10.5594_J04534"
      ],
      "bibliographic$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "Extracted from NLM <ref-list> via extractSmpteJournalRefs.js (orphan-slug-mint)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-07-06T18:21:02.558Z"
      }
    },
    "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/periodicals/SMPTE%20Journal/106/9/11/",
    "resolvedHref$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Backfilled from url.validate report #resolvedHref",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "resolved",
      "updated": "2026-06-19T20:59:07.409Z"
    },
    "status": {
      "active": true,
      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — journal articles default active",
        "source": "inferred",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "volume": "106",
    "volume$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04534.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    }
  }
}