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  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "SMPTE J",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "abstract": "Six high-definition television (HDTV) systems were tested to establish a proposed HDTV terrestrial transmission standard. The tests occurred in two rounds and were conducted at the Advanced Television Test Center (ATTC); and at Cable Labs in Alexandria, VA; and at the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL) in Ottawa, Ont., Canada. The testing process played an important role in accelerating the development of HDTV technology in North America, culminating in the development of the digital Grand Alliance HDTV System, the adopted standard. This paper summarizes the results of subjective image quality tests (Basic Received Quality, Impairment/Interference, and Receiver Scan Conversion) of the proponent HDTV systems from both rounds of testing, thereby permitting the reader to compare the relative performance of competing systems and gain some insight into the testing process conducted at ATEL.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Nexus ICG, Ottawa, Ont., KIW IG3 Canada.",
        "bio": "Annu Chopra worked at the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL) of the Communications Research Centre as a research analyst and writer from 1992 to 1996. Currently, Chopra is a partner of Nexus ICG specializing in corporate Internet services and information management.",
        "name": "A. Chopra"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Telecommunications Research Centre, Ottawa, Ont., K2H 8S2 Canada.",
        "bio": "Philip Corriveau received his B. Sc. from Carleton University in 1990, and in the same year, joined the Communications Research Centre. He served as senior research analyst at the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL). Currently, he is involved in groups such as the ITU-R and VQEG, investigating subjective and objective methods of television picture quality assessment.",
        "name": "P. Corriveau"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "General Instrument Corp., San Diego, CA.",
        "bio": "Paul Hearty received his Ph.D. from Queen's University in 1980. The same year, he joined the Communications Research Centre—a laboratory of the Federal Government of Canada, where he founded the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL). Hearty has been vice-president, Canadian Sales, at General Instrument Corp., San Diego, CA since 1994.",
        "name": "P. Hearty"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Telecommunications Research Centre, Ottawa, Ont., K2H 8S2 Canada.",
        "bio": "Andre Kennedy joined the Communications Research Centre in 1975. He served as technical coordinator for the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL) from 1990 to 1996. Currently, he is a staff member of the Transmission and Networks Research group, involved in LMCS studies.",
        "name": "A. Kennedy"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Telecommunications Research Centre, Ottawa, Ont., K2H 8S2 Canada.",
        "bio": "Bob Leafloor joined the Communications Research Centre in 1981. He served as operations manager for the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL) from 1990 to 1994, and as manager from 1994 to 1996. Currently he is the manager of MRA development within the Spectrum Engineering Branch of Industry Canada.",
        "name": "B. Leafloor"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Telecommunications Research Centre, Ottawa, Ont., K2H 8S2 Canada.",
        "bio": "Ron Renaud joined the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL) in 1991, after many years of technical experience with the Canadian Broadcasting Corp. At ATEL he was responsible for development and maintenance of the technical standards and procedures associated with subjective video quality assessment. Currently, he is a research technologist in the Video Systems Research group at the Communications Research Centre, where he oversees the technical aspects of the group's research activities.",
        "name": "R. Renaud"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Telecommunications Research Centre, Ottawa, Ont., K2H 8S2 Canada.",
        "bio": "Lew Stelmach received his Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology in 1985, and joined the Communications Research Center the same year. He served as a scientific authority from 1990 to 1996 and as a writer from 1995 to 1996 in the Advanced Television Evaluation Laboratory (ATEL). His research interests are human visual perception, stereo video, and image compression.",
        "name": "L. Stelmach"
      }
    ],
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      "note": "Cross-filled from SMPTE canonical repository import (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json); previous value was a placeholder",
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    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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      },
      "year": "1998",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
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      "confidence": "high",
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    "docId": "10.5594-J04440",
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      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J04440",
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      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "docLabel": "SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 107, Issue: 7, July 1998)",
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      "note": "Composed from journal title, volume, issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "The HDTV Broadcast Standard: Subjective Evaluation of Proponent Systems",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "NLM <article> — SMPTE journal paper",
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    "doi": "10.5594/J04440",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J04440",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J04440",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "print": "0036-1682",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
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    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
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    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/07132015 BACKFILE FOR JOURNAL/smptej_107_7/MIJR15Vol107No7.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-16T16:11:59.617Z",
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    "journalTitle": "SMPTE Journal",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Era-accurate journal title from SMPTE canonical repository (periodical parent at time of publication) (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
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    "number": "7",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "pages": "411–426",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "publicationDate": "1998-07-01",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/07132015 BACKFILE FOR JOURNAL/smptej_107_7/MIJR15Vol107No7.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-06-16T16:11:59.617Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J04440.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T18:56:53.245Z",
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    "volume": "107",
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      "confidence": "high",
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